domingo, 24 de junio de 2018

REVIEW OF PAST TENSES


Pasado Simple - (Simple Past Tense)

El Pasado Simple es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para describir acciones que han sucedido en un tiempo anterior y que ya han finalizado, por ejemplo:
She cleaned her house. Ella limpió su casa.
broke the window. Yo rompí la ventana.
                                                
Aquí vemos su conjugación que en el español equivale al Pretérito Indefinido. Observa que la estructura de la oración es similar a la del Presente Simple:

Tanto en la forma interrogativa como en negativa se utiliza como auxiliarDID que es la forma pasada del verbo "TO DO" y acompaña al verbo principal en su forma infinitiva. En las negaciones puede utilizarse la forma contraída de DID NOT o sea DIDN'T. En el cuadro superior se emplea el verbo To Play (Jugar) a modo de ejemplo.

Al expresar una oración en Pasado Simple se entiende que la acción no guarda relación con el presente, como vemos en los siguientes casos:
He lost the keys. Él perdió las llaves.
(Puede que en el presente las haya encontrado).

She 
lent me a book. Ella me prestó un libro.
(Puede que ya se lo haya devuelto).

Pasado Continuo - (Past Continuous)

El Pasado Continuo, es un tiempo verbal que describe acciones que estaban siendo realizadas en un momento del pasado al que se hace referencia y que luego continuaron, por ejemplo:
Yesterday he was studying English. Ayer él estaba estudiando inglés.
(Comenzó a estudiar antes de ese momento y continuó estudiando posteriormente)

John was playing tennis at 10 a.m. John estuvo jugando tenis a las 10 a.m.
(Comenzó a jugar tenis antes de las 10 a.m. y continuó haciendolo después)

El Pasado Continuo se construye con el verbo auxiliar "to be" en su forma pasada y el verbo principal en infinitivo con la terminación ING







Affirmative
I cried.
Negative
I did not cry
Interrogative
Did I cry?
Form
Regular verbs: Verb + ed | Irregular verbs: forms differ and should be learned by heart. This is a list of irregular verbs
Uses
  • action in the past taking place once, never or several times
  • actions taking place one after another

Affirmative
He was driving.
Negative
He was not driving.
Interrogative
Was he driving?
Form
to be (in the simple past) + verb + ing
Uses
  • action going on at a certain time in the past
  • actions taking place at the same time
  • action in the past that is interrupted by another action




Affirmative
He had been waiting.
Negative
He had not been waiting.
Interrogative
Had he been waiting?
Form
had + been + verb + ing
Uses
  • action taking place before a certain time in the past
  • sometimes interchangeable with past perfect simple
  • putting emphasis on the duration or course of an action

Exercises
Choose the correct verbs so that each tense appears once.
Simple past, past progressive, past perfect simple, past perfect progressive
1.     We  to the cinema last week.
2.     A bird pooed on the window that I  only a minute before.
3.     Yesterday at nine he  in front of his computer.
4.     When their mum got home, the boys  TV for two hours.


Separable and Inseparable Phrasal Verbs


Separable and Inseparable Phrasal Verbs


A phrasal verb is a verb combined with a preposition or adverb (or both) that means something different from each of the words that make up the verb. There are two types of phrasal verbs. Separable phrasal verbs can be broken up by other words, while inseparable phrasal verbs cannot be separated by other words.
Separable Phrasal Verbs
You can insert other words into the middle of a separable phrasal verb. Consider the following example, using the phrasal verb take back:
I need to take back the shirt I lent you.
Where’s that shirt I lent you? I need to take it back .
Inseparable Phrasal Verbs
Inseparable phrasal verbs can be transitive (i.e., they can take a direct object), but you can’t insert that direct object into the middle of the phrasal verb. In other words, they can’t be separated, thus their name. Consider the following examples:
If you focus your education solely on one area, you’ll have nothing to fall back on if you change your mind.
Each child should have at least one older child to look up to .
What does i.e. stand for ? It stands for id est, or that is.






Phrasal Verb
Separable or Inseparable
Meaning
Ask out
Separable
To ask someone to go out on a date.
Bring about, bring on
Separable
To make something happen
Bring up
Separable
1) To raise children
2) To raise a topic
Call back
Separable
Return someone's telephone call
Call in
Separable
Ask someone into an official place or office
Call off
Separable
Cancel
Call on
Inseparable
1) Ask someone to do something
2) Visit
Call up
Separable
Call someone on the telephone
Inseparable
To become equal or reach the same level
Check in, check into
Inseparable
Register at a hotel or travel counter
Check out
Inseparable
Leave a hotel
Check out of
Inseparable
Leave a hotel
Cheer up
Separable
Make someone happy
Clean up
Separable
Tidy, make clean
Come across
Inseparable
To find
Cross out
Separable
Eliminate
Cut out
Separable
Remove something or stop doing something annoying
Do over
Separable
Repeat
Drop by
Inseparable
Visit unexpectedly
Drop in
Inseparable
Visit unexpectedly
Drop off
Separable
Leave something somewhere
Drop out
Inseparable
Stop attending a class
Figure out
Separable
Understand
Fill out
Separable
Complete a form
Fill in
Separable
Complete spaces on a form
Get along with
Inseparable
Have a good relationship with
Get back from
1) Inseparable
2) Separable
1) Return from somewhere
2) Receive something originally lent to another person
Get in
Inseparable
Enter
Get off
Inseparable
Leave a bus, train, airplane
Get on
Inseparable
Enter a bus, train, airplane
Get out of
Inseparable
Leave a car
Get over
Inseparable
Recover
Get through
Inseparable
Survive
Get up
Inseparable
Stand up
Give back
Separable
Return
Give up
Separable
Stop trying
Go over
Inseparable
Review
Grow up
Inseparable
Become an adult
Hand in
Separable
Give an assignment or project to a teacher
Hang up
Separable
Replace the telephone in the receiver
Have on
Separable
Wear
Keep out
Separable
Not enter
Keep up with
Inseparable
Stay at the same level
Kick out
Separable
Ask to leave
Look after
Inseparable
Take care of
Look into
Inseparable
Investigate
Look out for
Inseparable
Watch for
Look over
Separable
Review
Look up
Separable
Try to find information
Make up
Separable
Invent
Pass away
Inseparable
Die
Pass out
1) Inseparable
2) Separable
1) Faint
2) Distribute
Pick up
Separable
Lift
Pick out
Separable
Choose
Point out
Separable
Identify
Put away
Separable
Put in the proper place
Put back
Separable
Return
Put off
Separable
Delay
Put on
Separable
Get dressed or dress someone
Put out
Separable
Extinguish
Put up with
Inseparable
Tolerate
Run into
Inseparable
Find or meet
Run across
Inseparable
Find or meet
Run out of
Inseparable
Come to the end of something
Show up
Inseparable
Appear
Show off
Separable
Demonstrate something of envy
Shut off
Separable
Stop something from running
Take after
Inseparable
Be like someone
Take off
Separable
Remove
Take out
Separable
1) Remove
2) Go on a date with someone
Take over
Separable
Take control
Take up
Inseparable
Begin
Tear down
Separable
Demolish or destroy
Tear up
Separable
Rip into pieces
Think over
Separable
Consider, ponder
Throw away
Separable
Discard
Throw out
Separable
Discard
Throw up
Inseparable
Vomit
Try on
Separable
Test
Turn down
Separable
Reduce
Turn in
Separable
Go to bed
Turn off
Separable
Stop a machine
Turn on
Separable
Start a machine
Turn out
Separable
Put out a light
Turn up
Separable
Increase






Principio del formulario
1.     turn on →
 He turned on the light.
 He turned the light on.
2.     hand in →
 Hand in your homework on time.
 Hand your homework in on time.
3.     get on →
 They got on the bus.
 They got the bus on.
4.     look up →
 Look up the words in a dictionary.
 Look the words up in a dictionary.
5.     grow up →
 He grew up in North Carolina.
 He grew in North Carolina up.
6.     check in →
 We checked in at our hotel.
 We checked at our hotel in.
7.     give up →
 They gave up smoking.
 They gave smoking up.
8.     ask out →
 Henry asked Jenny out.
 Henry asked out Jenny.
9.     mix up →
 We mixed up the numbers.
 We mixed the numbers up.
10. look after →
 Dennis looked after his brother.
 Dennis looked his brother after.
Final del formulario


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